Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology

The relevance of studying the regulation of protein-ligand interactions is due to the emergence of new views on the role of metabolites and their key importance in vital processes. To study the protein-ligand interaction, the AB0 antigen-antibody blood system and the enzyme-substrate system of dehydrogenases were used as a test system, and ethanol was used as an influencing factor. In experiments performed with A and B blood erythrocyte antigens, natural AB0 system antibodies and monoclonal antibodies under the influence of ethanol performed change of the degree of agglutination and the time to onset of erythrocyte agglutination. It was found that ethanol can regulate the enzyme-substrate interactions of dehydrogenases: lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.12), and α-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8). The increase in the activity of studied enzymes under the influence of ethanol in the whole blood hemolysate was 2.5 - 3 times higher than in the isolated medium (with pure enzyme preparations).

Introduction. Impulsivity, manifested in the difficulty of suppressing certain actions, is often associated
with increased anxiety. Depending on the level of impulsivity, individuals with higher anxiety
react differently to tasks requiring inhibitory control. The anti-saccade task is one of the psychophysiological
approaches to assessing visual attention and inhibitory control. This study aimed to
test a hypothesis that individuals with high levels of impulsivity and anxiety would have different eye
movement patterns in the anti-saccade task compared to highly anxious individuals with low levels
of impulsivity. Methods. Twenty volunteers with low impulsivity and fourteen volunteers with higher
impulsivity performed 3 blocks of anti-saccade tasks, differing in the effect of Step, Gap, and
Overlap with fixation and target stimuli of negative, positive, and neutral emotional valence. All
participants had increased trait and state anxiety. The eye-movement patterns were recorded using
an eye-tracking method. Results. Significant differences were observed between groups in the regular
error mean latency in the Overlap block and the regular error mean amplitude in the Gap block.
The Overlap effect caused longer latencies of erroneous saccades while the Gap effect produced
lower amplitudes of erroneous saccades in the group with increased trait impulsivity in the tasks
where neutral stimuli were used either as fixation or target stimuli. Conclusion. Our findings imply
that different designs of the anti-saccade task are able to reveal specific patterns of eye movements
associated with attention switching and inhibitory control in impulsive behavior.

Identification and following study of optical transients (OTs) associated with cosmic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and gravitational wave (GWs) events is a relevant research problem of multi-messenger astronomy. Since their first discovery, one of the greatest challenges is the localisation uncertainty. The sources of OTs are initially localised with space gamma and X-ray telescopes or ground-based laser interferometers LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA having the poor positional accuracy on average. A joint localisation area typically covers about 1000 deg22 of the sky based on previous runs of LIGO and Virgo. The last 25 years has seen a rapid development of the robotic optical surveys. Such instruments equipped with wide-field cameras allow to cover the entire localisation area in several scans. As the result, a massive amount of scientific products is generated, including bulky series of astronomical images. After their processing, large object catalogues that may contain up to 105105 celestial objects are created. It is necessary to identify the peculiar objects among other in the formed catalogues. Both data processing and identification of OTs must be carried out in real-time due to steep decay of brightness. To response pointed problems, the software pipelines are becoming a relevant solution. This paper provides a complete overview of the units of the actively developed pipeline for OT detection. The accuracy and performance metrics of the pipeline units, estimated for two wide-field telescopes are given. In conclusions, the future plans for the development are briefly discussed.

The purpose of this article was to check the effects on health of various types of physical activities, diet, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption and their interrelationships with control for age, sex and level of education. The study was based on epidemiological data (9617 participants from 19 to 81 years old for whom we have health indicators over a period of 11 years) together with questionnaires about diet, alcohol, tobacco and the frequency of different types of physical activities. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric correlational analysis of epidemiological data was performed with use of SPSS v.19. Our results indicate the existence of the significant relationship between leading a healthy life style (type of physical activities, limitations of fats consume and weight maintenance). However, the different categories of physical activities were analysed separately and showed slight differences on health indicators impacts. Our findings confirm that leading a healthy life style (all types of physical activities, limitations of fats consume and weight maintenance) is an important issue since it has a significant relationship with physical and mental health indicators, but outdoor physical activities and practicing sport in group have shown slightly higher impact on health.